Talks

Recent and upcoming talks, mostly on the formalisation of 8-dimensional sphere packing.

Upcoming Talks

Formal Theorem Proving with AI: The Difference between Verification and Formalisation

Tata Institute for Fundamental Research · Mumbai, India · August 2026

Interactive Theorem Provers and AI have both risen to prominence concurrently and complementarily: the confidence offered by the formal paradigm strongly incentivises training, benchmarking and deploying models to reason formally, and improvements in AI are strongly influencing the development of formal mathematics. In this era, it is valuable to understand the subtle nuances that distinguish formal verification and formalisation, the benefits of both to the learning and development of mathematics, and the capabilities and limitations of current models in the space.

Past Talks

The Curious Case of Sphere Packing in Lean

(Virtual talk) · Workshop affiliated to the 17th International Conference on Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP) and the Federated Logic Conferences (FLoC) · Lisbon, Portugal · 25 July 2026

Link to website

Reflections on what the sphere packing project has taught us about large collaborative formalisation — and about how humans and machines can prove theorems together.

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Progress in Formalizing Sphere Packing in Dimension 8

International Congress on Mathematical Software (ICMS) · Waterloo (ON), Canada · 23 July 2026

Links to website and paper

This talk is about the ongoing effort to formalise the solution the sphere packing problem in dimension 8. We discuss our progress this far, describe key design choices, reflect on significant milestones, and outline key objectives and challenges that remain. Based on joint work with Christopher Birkbeck, Seewoo Lee, Gareth Ma, Bhavik Mehta, Auguste Poiroux and Maryna Viazovska.

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Large-Scale Formalisation: A Student's Perspective

AI and Mathematics: Formalization, Theorem Proving, and Reasoning · Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul, South Korea · 13 July 2026

Link to website

In March 2024, when I was a third-year undergraduate exchange student in Switzerland, I embarked on a collaboration with Maryna Viazovska to formalise her seminal solution to the sphere packing problem in dimension 8. In this talk, I will reflect on the process of learning through formalisation, drawing on examples from my own work and beyond. I will furthermore describe the many milestones we have achieved over the course of the project, challenges unique to the formal medium, and objectives that remain. The sphere packing project is joint work with Christopher Birkbeck, Seewoo Lee, Gareth Ma, Bhavik Mehta, Maryna Viazovska, and community contributors.

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A Lean Formalisation of Sphere Packing in Dimension 8

Swiss Mathematical Society Spring Meeting: Formalisation and Proof Assistants · UniDistance Suisse, Brig (VS), Switzerland · 27 March 2026

Links to website and recording

Arguably one of the most important sphere packing talks past and future, this talk was the first since the Gauss autoformalisation. I discussed progress made so far, commented briefly on the Gauss code, emphasised that the project was not over, and reflected on the ramifications for the future of formalised mathematics.

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Can Machines Pack Spheres?

(Virtual talk) · Aarhus Math & AI Workshop · Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus, Denmark · 28 January 2026

Link to website

In this talk, I gave an update on the sphere packing formalisation and shared my experience attempting to "vibe-prove" that sphere packings in Euclidean spaces can be approximated arbitrarily well by lattice packings.

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Formalising 8-Dimensional Sphere Packing in Lean

(Joint talk with Chris Birkbeck and Seewoo Lee) · Lean Together 2026 · Online · 21 January 2026

Links to website and recording

In this talk, we discussed the ongoing effort to formalise Maryna Viazovska's Fields medal work on Sphere Packings in \(8\) dimensions. We recapped the main achievements thus far and the problems that still remained.

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Formally Packing 8-Dimensional Spheres

(Joint talk with Maryna Viazovska) · ItaLean · Bologna, Italy · 11 December 2025

Links to website and recording

In this talk, we provided an introduction to the ongoing project to formalise Viazovska's solution to the sphere packing problem in dimension 8. We shared updates on our progress, outlined strategies to overcome remaining challenges, and discussed recent AI contributions to our project.

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The Road to Formalising 8-Dimensional Sphere Packing in Lean

Formalisation of Mathematics with Interactive Theorem Provers · University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom · 9 October 2025

Links to website and recording

In this talk, I presented my ongoing work on formalising the packing of 8-dimensional spheres in the Lean theorem prover. I discussed progress and challenges and outlined avenues for community contributions.

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The Road to Formalising 8-Dimensional Sphere Packing in Lean

Graduate Student and Postdoc Seminar · Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh (PA), United States · 11 September 2025

Link to recording

In this talk, I presented my ongoing work on formalising the packing of 8-dimensional spheres in the Lean theorem prover. I discussed progress and challenges and outlined avenues for community contributions.

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Coxeter Groups

Imperial Undergraduate Mathematics Colloquium · Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom · 15 January 2025

Link to recording

In the inaugural Spring 2025 talk of the Imperial Undergraduate Maths Colloquium, I discussed the fascinating subject of Coxeter groups. Coxeter groups are a special class of orthogonal transformations of Euclidean spaces. In my talk, I gave a very accessible overview of Coxeter groups, root systems, Coxeter graphs, and the general classification process of irreducible Coxeter groups. I also discussed the crystallographic case and the link to the classification of semi-simple Lie algebras over \(\mathbb{C}\).

Designing a Mandala Using Mathematics

Warwick-Imperial Mathematics Conference · University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom · 23 November 2024

Links to recording and Desmos tutorial

The tradition of Mandala art goes back over a millennium, tracing its origin to the Indian subcontinent. Mandalas are characterised by layers of concentric circles with various motifs. The aesthetics tend to be pleasing to the eye due to certain symmetry properties of the motifs in question. In my talk, I explained how we can go the other way round to systematically build Mandalas by picking a desired symmetry group and designing motifs by plotting functions with appropriately fine-tuned parameters. My talk was based on an article I wrote for the April 2024 issue of Mathematics Today.

Partial Fraction Decomposition and its Formalisation in Lean

(Virtual talk) · Tomorrow's Mathematicians Today · Online · 2023

Link to recording

In this talk, I presented my first significant Lean formalisation project, which I worked on as part of my Summer 2022 UROP.

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